使用Nginx反向代理实现第7层负载均衡

 未分类  Add comments
5 月 092013
 

使用NFS作为web服务共享存储
192.168.244.129

安装NFS软件包

[root@nfs ~]# yum install nfs-utils

创建共享存储挂载点并输出共享

[root@nfs ~]# mkdir /shared
[root@nfs ~]# chmod 777 /shared/
[root@nfs ~]# vi /etc/exports
 /shared 192.168.244.0/24(rw,sync)

启动NFS服务

[root@nfs ~]# service nfs start
 Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]
 Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]
 Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]
[root@nfs ~]#

查看当前输出共享信息

[root@nfs ~]# showmount -e
 Export list for nfs:
 /shared 192.168.244.0/24
[root@nfs ~]#

配置第一台apache主机
192.168.244.130

安装PHP与HTTPD软件包

[root@ap1 ~]# yum install httpd php

编辑apache配置文件

[root@ap1 ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
 Listen 8001
 ServerName 192.168.244.130:8001

查看NFS主机共享存储状态

[root@ap1 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.244.129
 Export list for 192.168.244.129:
 /shared 192.168.244.0/24
[root@ap1 ~]#

挂载NFS共享存储并查看挂载状态

[root@ap1 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.244.129:/shared /var/www/html/
[root@ap1 ~]# mount
 /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
 proc on /proc type proc (rw)
 sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
 devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
 tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
 /dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
 none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
 sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
 192.168.244.129:/shared on /var/www/html type nfs (rw,vers=4,addr=192.168.244.129,clientaddr=192.168.244.130)
[root@ap1 ~]#

修改分区挂载文件保证重启后自动挂载

[root@ap1 ~]# vi /etc/fstab
 192.168.244.129         /var/www/html           nfs     defaults        0 0

创建第一个PHP测试文件

[root@ap1 ~]# touch /var/www/html/ap1.php
 [root@ap1 ~]# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/ap1.php
 [root@ap1 ~]# service httpd start
 Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@ap1 ~]#

配置第二台apache主机
192.168.244.131

[root@ap2 ~]# yum install httpd php
[root@ap2 ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
 Listen 8002
 ServerName 192.168.244.131:8002
[root@ap2 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.244.129:/shared /var/www/html/
[root@ap2 ~]# vi /etc/fstab
 192.168.244.129         /var/www/html           nfs     defaults        0 0
[root@ap2 ~]# touch /var/www/html/ap2.php
[root@ap2 ~]# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/ap2.php
[root@ap2 ~]# service httpd start
 Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@ap2 ~]#

配置第一台nginx主机
192.168.244.132

[root@ng1 ~]# yum install gcc make
[root@ng1 ~]# groupadd nginx
 [root@ng1 ~]# useradd -g nginx nginx -s /sbin/nologin
[root@ng1 ~]# yum install gcc-c++ perl
[root@ng1 ~]# cd nginx-1.4.0
 [root@ng1 nginx-1.4.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
 > --with-http_ssl_module \
 > --with-pcre=../pcre-8.32/ --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.8 \
 > --with-openssl=../openssl-1.0.1e
 [root@ng1 nginx-1.4.0]# make
 [root@ng1 nginx-1.4.0]# make install
[root@ng1 nginx-1.4.0]# export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH

修改nginx配置文件

[root@ng1 nginx-1.4.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@ng1 conf]# vi nginx.conf
user nginx;

server {
listen          8003;
server_name     192.168.244.132;
access_log      logs/ng1.access.log;

location / {
root   html;
index  index.html index.htm;
}
}

检测nginx配置文件语法正确性

[root@ng1 conf]# nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
 nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@ng1 conf]#

挂载NFS共享存储

[root@ng1 conf]# mount -t nfs 192.168.244.129:/shared /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@ng1 conf]# vi /etc/fstab
 192.168.244.129         /usr/local/nginx/html   nfs     defaults        0 0
[root@ng1 conf]#

创建nginx静态测试文件
[root@ng1 conf]# touch ../html/ng1.html
[root@ng1 conf]# echo “hello nginx” > ../html/ng1.html

nginx-proxy-0509-01

查看已上传测试文件及图片
[root@ng1 ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/html/
ap1.php  ap2.php  ng1.html  nginx.gif  nginx.html
[root@ng1 ~]#

配置nginx反向代理服务器
192.168.244.140

使用两台后端apache主机的单一负载均衡配置

[root@rproxy ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/

upstream apache {
 server 192.168.244.130:8001;
 server 192.168.244.131:8002;
 }

server {
 listen 80;
 server_name 192.168.244.140;

location / {
 proxy_pass  http://apache;
 }
 }

nginx-proxy-0509-02

[root@ap1 ~]# cat /var/log/httpd/access_log
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:12:32 +0800] “GET /icons/apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.0” 200 2326 “http://192.168.244.140/” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”

[root@ap2 ~]# cat /var/log/httpd/access_log
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:12:32 +0800] “GET / HTTP/1.0” 403 5039 “-” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:12:32 +0800] “GET /icons/poweredby.png HTTP/1.0” 200 3956 “http://192.168.244.140/” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”

nginx-proxy-0509-03

[root@ap1 ~]# cat /var/log/httpd/access_log
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:17:37 +0800] “GET /nginx.html HTTP/1.0” 200 333 “-” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:17:37 +0800] “GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.0” 404 283 “-” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”

[root@ap2 ~]# cat /var/log/httpd/access_log
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:17:37 +0800] “GET /nginx.gif HTTP/1.0” 200 524 “http://192.168.244.140/nginx.html” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”

使用两台apache主机与一台nginx主机分别处理动态和静态文件，同时负载均衡apache主机

动态文件需要服务器额外处理后通过浏览器将结果返回给客户
静态文件不需要额外服务器处理可以直接将结果给客户

upstream apache {
server 192.168.244.130:8001;
server 192.168.244.131:8002;
}

server {
listen       80;
server_name  localhost;

location / {
proxy_pass http://192.168.244.132:8003;
expires 7d;
}

location ~ \.php$ {
proxy_pass  http://apache;
}
}

nginx-proxy-0509-04

[root@ng1 ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log
2013/05/09 14:41:46 [error] 19504#0: *1 open() “/usr/local/nginx/html/ningix.html” failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 192.168.244.140, server: 192.168.244.132, request: “GET /ningix.html HTTP/1.0”, host: “192.168.244.132:8003”

[root@ng1 ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/ng1.access.log
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:43:23 +0800] “GET /nginx.html HTTP/1.0” 200 333 “-” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:43:23 +0800] “GET /nginx.gif HTTP/1.0” 200 524 “http://192.168.244.140/nginx.html” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:43:24 +0800] “GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.0” 404 570 “-” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”

[root@ap1 ~]# cat /var/log/httpd/access_log |grep 14:43:
[root@ap1 ~]#

[root@ap2 ~]# cat /var/log/httpd/access_log |grep 14:43:
[root@ap2 ~]#

nginx-proxy-0509-05

[root@ap1 ~]# cat /var/log/httpd/access_log
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:46:45 +0800] “GET /ap2.php HTTP/1.0” 200 45086 “-” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:46:45 +0800] “GET /ap2.php?=PHPE9568F35-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42 HTTP/1.0” 200 2146 “http://192.168.244.140/ap2.php” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”

[root@ap2 ~]# cat /var/log/httpd/access_log
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:14:46:45 +0800] “GET /ap2.php?=PHPE9568F34-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42 HTTP/1.0” 200 2524 “http://192.168.244.140/ap2.php” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”

nginx-proxy-0509-06

[root@ng1 ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/ng1.access.log
192.168.244.140 – – [09/May/2013:15:56:03 +0800] “GET /ng1.html HTTP/1.0” 200 12 “-” “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)”

 Leave a Reply

You may use these HTML tags and attributes: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <s> <strike> <strong>

(required)

(required)

此站点使用Akismet来减少垃圾评论。了解我们如何处理您的评论数据。