3月 042020
安装EPEL仓库
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# yum -y install epel-release [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# yum makecache
查看当前Redis服务版本信息
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# yum info redis Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: d36uatko69830t.cloudfront.net * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: d36uatko69830t.cloudfront.net * updates: d36uatko69830t.cloudfront.net Available Packages Name : redis Arch : x86_64 Version : 3.2.12 Release : 2.el7 Size : 544 k Repo : epel/x86_64 Summary : A persistent key-value database URL : http://redis.io License : BSD Description : Redis is an advanced key-value store. It is often referred to as a data : structure server since keys can contain strings, hashes, lists, sets and : sorted sets. : : You can run atomic operations on these types, like appending to a string; : incrementing the value in a hash; pushing to a list; computing set : intersection, union and difference; or getting the member with highest : ranking in a sorted set. : : In order to achieve its outstanding performance, Redis works with an : in-memory dataset. Depending on your use case, you can persist it either : by dumping the dataset to disk every once in a while, or by appending : each command to a log. : : Redis also supports trivial-to-setup master-slave replication, with very : fast non-blocking first synchronization, auto-reconnection on net split : and so forth. : : Other features include Transactions, Pub/Sub, Lua scripting, Keys with a : limited time-to-live, and configuration settings to make Redis behave like : a cache. : : You can use Redis from most programming languages also. [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]#
在主服务器上安装Redis服务
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# yum -y install redis
在主服务器上注册并启动服务
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# systemctl enable redis Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/redis.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service. [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# systemctl start redis [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# redis-cli ping PONG [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]#
在主服务器上执行性能测试
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# redis-benchmark -q -n 1000 -c 10 -P 5 PING_INLINE: 333333.34 requests per second PING_BULK: 499999.97 requests per second SET: 499999.97 requests per second GET: 333333.34 requests per second INCR: 333333.34 requests per second LPUSH: 333333.34 requests per second RPUSH: 499999.97 requests per second LPOP: 333333.34 requests per second RPOP: 333333.34 requests per second SADD: 333333.34 requests per second HSET: 249999.98 requests per second SPOP: 499999.97 requests per second LPUSH (needed to benchmark LRANGE): 200000.00 requests per second LRANGE_100 (first 100 elements): 45454.55 requests per second LRANGE_300 (first 300 elements): 14084.51 requests per second LRANGE_500 (first 450 elements): 6849.31 requests per second LRANGE_600 (first 600 elements): 5102.04 requests per second MSET (10 keys): 166666.67 requests per second [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]#
在主服务器上查看端口监听
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# netstat -lnt Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]#
在从服务器上安装并启动Redis服务
[root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# yum -y install epel-release [root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# yum -y install redis [root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# systemctl enable redis Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/redis.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service. [root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# systemctl start redis [root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# redis-cli ping PONG [root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]#
配置主服务器
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# vi /etc/redis.conf # TCP keepalive. # # If non-zero, use SO_KEEPALIVE to send TCP ACKs to clients in absence # of communication. This is useful for two reasons: # # 1) Detect dead peers. # 2) Take the connection alive from the point of view of network # equipment in the middle. # # On Linux, the specified value (in seconds) is the period used to send ACKs. # Note that to close the connection the double of the time is needed. # On other kernels the period depends on the kernel configuration. # # A reasonable value for this option is 300 seconds, which is the new # Redis default starting with Redis 3.2.1. #tcp-keepalive 300 tcp-keepalive 60 ################################## NETWORK ##################################### # By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens # for connections from all the network interfaces available on the server. # It is possible to listen to just one or multiple selected interfaces using # the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses. # # Examples: # # bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1 # bind 127.0.0.1 ::1 # # ~~~ WARNING ~~~ If the computer running Redis is directly exposed to the # internet, binding to all the interfaces is dangerous and will expose the # instance to everybody on the internet. So by default we uncomment the # following bind directive, that will force Redis to listen only into # the IPv4 lookback interface address (this means Redis will be able to # accept connections only from clients running into the same computer it # is running). # # IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE INTERFACES # JUST COMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE. # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #bind 127.0.0.1 bind 172.31.43.75 # Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other # commands. This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust # others with access to the host running redis-server. # # This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most # people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers). # # Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to # 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should # use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break. # # requirepass foobared requirepass 43l4890fji24897usdkj4eyud834ksdhwl9 # MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory # is reached. You can select among five behaviors: # # volatile-lru -> remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm # allkeys-lru -> remove any key according to the LRU algorithm # volatile-random -> remove a random key with an expire set # allkeys-random -> remove a random key, any key # volatile-ttl -> remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL) # noeviction -> don't expire at all, just return an error on write operations # # Note: with any of the above policies, Redis will return an error on write # operations, when there are no suitable keys for eviction. # # At the date of writing these commands are: set setnx setex append # incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd # sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby # zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby # getset mset msetnx exec sort # # The default is: # # maxmemory-policy noeviction maxmemory-policy noeviction # By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is # good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or # a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on # the configured save points). # # The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides # much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy # (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a # dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something # wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is # still running correctly. # # AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems. # If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file # with the better durability guarantees. # # Please check http://redis.io/topics/persistence for more information. #appendonly no appendonly yes # The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof") appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
在主服务器上重新启动Redis服务并查看端口监听
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# systemctl restart redis [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# netstat -lnt Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 172.31.43.75:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN [root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]#
配置从服务器
[root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# vi /etc/redis.conf #bind 127.0.0.1 bind 172.31.43.112 #tcp-keepalive 300 tcp-keepalive 60 requirepass 934jskls034ks73shdjd6 # Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of # another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication. # # 1) Redis replication is asynchronous, but you can configure a master to # stop accepting writes if it appears to be not connected with at least # a given number of slaves. # 2) Redis slaves are able to perform a partial resynchronization with the # master if the replication link is lost for a relatively small amount of # time. You may want to configure the replication backlog size (see the next # sections of this file) with a sensible value depending on your needs. # 3) Replication is automatic and does not need user intervention. After a # network partition slaves automatically try to reconnect to masters # and resynchronize with them. # # slaveof <masterip> <masterport> slaveof 172.31.43.75 6379 # If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration # directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before # starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will # refuse the slave request. # # masterauth <master-password> masterauth 43l4890fji24897usdkj4eyud834ksdhwl9
重新启动从服务器Redis服务
[root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# systemctl restart redis
登录测试
[root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# redis-cli -h 172.31.43.112 -p 6379 172.31.43.112:6379> AUTH 934jskls034ks73shdjd6 OK 172.31.43.112:6379> exit [root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]#
在主服务器上检查主从复制状态
[root@ip-172-31-43-75 ~]# redis-cli -h 172.31.43.75 -p 6379 172.31.43.75:6379> AUTH 43l4890fji24897usdkj4eyud834ksdhwl9 OK 172.31.43.75:6379> INFO # Server redis_version:3.2.12 redis_git_sha1:00000000 redis_git_dirty:0 redis_build_id:7897e7d0e13773f redis_mode:standalone os:Linux 3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 x86_64 arch_bits:64 multiplexing_api:epoll gcc_version:4.8.5 process_id:19963 run_id:d9d36c6ad3afb25b4ea2ab1c9acfdbb1818c9e9a tcp_port:6379 uptime_in_seconds:772 uptime_in_days:0 hz:10 lru_clock:6234889 executable:/usr/bin/redis-server config_file:/etc/redis.conf # Clients connected_clients:1 client_longest_output_list:0 client_biggest_input_buf:0 blocked_clients:0 # Memory used_memory:1881968 used_memory_human:1.79M used_memory_rss:8114176 used_memory_rss_human:7.74M used_memory_peak:1917896 used_memory_peak_human:1.83M total_system_memory:8094560256 total_system_memory_human:7.54G used_memory_lua:37888 used_memory_lua_human:37.00K maxmemory:0 maxmemory_human:0B maxmemory_policy:noeviction mem_fragmentation_ratio:4.31 mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0 # Persistence loading:0 rdb_changes_since_last_save:0 rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0 rdb_last_save_time:1583292981 rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:0 rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1 aof_enabled:1 aof_rewrite_in_progress:0 aof_rewrite_scheduled:0 aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1 aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1 aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok aof_last_write_status:ok aof_current_size:0 aof_base_size:0 aof_pending_rewrite:0 aof_buffer_length:0 aof_rewrite_buffer_length:0 aof_pending_bio_fsync:0 aof_delayed_fsync:0 # Stats total_connections_received:2 total_commands_processed:217 instantaneous_ops_per_sec:1 total_net_input_bytes:7756 total_net_output_bytes:478 instantaneous_input_kbps:0.04 instantaneous_output_kbps:0.01 rejected_connections:0 sync_full:1 sync_partial_ok:0 sync_partial_err:0 expired_keys:0 evicted_keys:0 keyspace_hits:0 keyspace_misses:0 pubsub_channels:0 pubsub_patterns:0 latest_fork_usec:772 migrate_cached_sockets:0 # Replication role:master connected_slaves:1 slave0:ip=172.31.43.112,port=6379,state=online,offset=309,lag=0 master_repl_offset:309 repl_backlog_active:1 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:2 repl_backlog_histlen:308 # CPU used_cpu_sys:0.40 used_cpu_user:0.24 used_cpu_sys_children:0.00 used_cpu_user_children:0.00 # Cluster cluster_enabled:0 # Keyspace 172.31.43.75:6379>
主服务器故障或维护时将从服务器临时切换为主服务器角色
[root@ip-172-31-43-112 ~]# redis-cli -h 172.31.43.112 -p 6379 172.31.43.112:6379> AUTH 934jskls034ks73shdjd6 OK 172.31.43.112:6379> SLAVEOF NO ONE OK 172.31.43.112:6379> INFO # Server redis_version:3.2.12 redis_git_sha1:00000000 redis_git_dirty:0 redis_build_id:7897e7d0e13773f redis_mode:standalone os:Linux 3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 x86_64 arch_bits:64 multiplexing_api:epoll gcc_version:4.8.5 process_id:19834 run_id:094e98c730ce1571ba38ca222d4762d332e25e86 tcp_port:6379 uptime_in_seconds:561 uptime_in_days:0 hz:10 lru_clock:6235238 executable:/usr/bin/redis-server config_file:/etc/redis.conf # Clients connected_clients:1 client_longest_output_list:0 client_biggest_input_buf:0 blocked_clients:0 # Memory used_memory:812536 used_memory_human:793.49K used_memory_rss:6008832 used_memory_rss_human:5.73M used_memory_peak:833488 used_memory_peak_human:813.95K total_system_memory:8094560256 total_system_memory_human:7.54G used_memory_lua:37888 used_memory_lua_human:37.00K maxmemory:0 maxmemory_human:0B maxmemory_policy:noeviction mem_fragmentation_ratio:7.40 mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0 # Persistence loading:0 rdb_changes_since_last_save:0 rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0 rdb_last_save_time:1583292981 rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1 rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1 aof_enabled:0 aof_rewrite_in_progress:0 aof_rewrite_scheduled:0 aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1 aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1 aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok aof_last_write_status:ok # Stats total_connections_received:2 total_commands_processed:59 instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0 total_net_input_bytes:1027 total_net_output_bytes:19991 instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00 instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00 rejected_connections:0 sync_full:0 sync_partial_ok:0 sync_partial_err:0 expired_keys:0 evicted_keys:0 keyspace_hits:0 keyspace_misses:0 pubsub_channels:0 pubsub_patterns:0 latest_fork_usec:0 migrate_cached_sockets:0 # Replication role:master connected_slaves:0 master_repl_offset:785 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0 # CPU used_cpu_sys:0.27 used_cpu_user:0.22 used_cpu_sys_children:0.00 used_cpu_user_children:0.00 # Cluster cluster_enabled:0 # Keyspace 172.31.43.112:6379>
对于有多个从服务器集群的处理（在所有其他从节点执行）
SLAVEOF hostname port
主服务器恢复后再次切换回从服务器角色
172.31.43.112:6379> SLAVEOF 172.31.43.75 6379 OK 172.31.43.112:6379> INFO # Server redis_version:3.2.12 redis_git_sha1:00000000 redis_git_dirty:0 redis_build_id:7897e7d0e13773f redis_mode:standalone os:Linux 3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 x86_64 arch_bits:64 multiplexing_api:epoll gcc_version:4.8.5 process_id:19834 run_id:094e98c730ce1571ba38ca222d4762d332e25e86 tcp_port:6379 uptime_in_seconds:795 uptime_in_days:0 hz:10 lru_clock:6235472 executable:/usr/bin/redis-server config_file:/etc/redis.conf # Clients connected_clients:2 client_longest_output_list:0 client_biggest_input_buf:0 blocked_clients:0 # Memory used_memory:833416 used_memory_human:813.88K used_memory_rss:6012928 used_memory_rss_human:5.73M used_memory_peak:833488 used_memory_peak_human:813.95K total_system_memory:8094560256 total_system_memory_human:7.54G used_memory_lua:37888 used_memory_lua_human:37.00K maxmemory:0 maxmemory_human:0B maxmemory_policy:noeviction mem_fragmentation_ratio:7.21 mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0 # Persistence loading:0 rdb_changes_since_last_save:0 rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0 rdb_last_save_time:1583292981 rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1 rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1 aof_enabled:0 aof_rewrite_in_progress:0 aof_rewrite_scheduled:0 aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1 aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1 aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok aof_last_write_status:ok # Stats total_connections_received:2 total_commands_processed:62 instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0 total_net_input_bytes:1178 total_net_output_bytes:22251 instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00 instantaneous_output_kbps:0.02 rejected_connections:0 sync_full:0 sync_partial_ok:0 sync_partial_err:0 expired_keys:0 evicted_keys:0 keyspace_hits:0 keyspace_misses:0 pubsub_channels:0 pubsub_patterns:0 latest_fork_usec:0 migrate_cached_sockets:0 # Replication role:slave master_host:172.31.43.75 master_port:6379 master_link_status:up master_last_io_seconds_ago:2 master_sync_in_progress:0 slave_repl_offset:1121 slave_priority:100 slave_read_only:1 connected_slaves:0 master_repl_offset:0 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0 # CPU used_cpu_sys:0.37 used_cpu_user:0.31 used_cpu_sys_children:0.00 used_cpu_user_children:0.00 # Cluster cluster_enabled:0 # Keyspace 172.31.43.112:6379>
操作示例（复制）
172.31.43.75:6379> SET ABC 123465 OK 172.31.43.75:6379> 172.31.43.112:6379> GET ABC "123465" 172.31.43.112:6379>